Which component of the ILS provides lateral course guidance to the runway centerline?

The localizer is the component of the Instrument Landing System (ILS) that provides lateral course guidance to the runway centerline. It emits a radio signal that helps pilots align their aircraft with the runway during the final approach phase of landing. The localizer is typically located at the far end of the runway, and it transmits a signal that allows the aircraft's instruments to determine whether it is to the left or right of the centerline.

Understanding the role of the localizer is critical for pilots as it assists in achieving precise lateral alignment, ensuring a safe and accurate approach to landing. Given its importance in guiding aircraft safely and effectively, the localizer is a key element in the overall functionality of the ILS.